Biosecurity Risks

• Exchange ballast water in mid ocean or operate a type-approved ballast water management system
• Install an antifouling system that is designed for the ship’s operating profile, to maintain the ship in a clean state throughout its docking cycle
• Regularly inspect and maintain the antifouling system for niche areas (such as sea chests, bow thrusters, propeller shafts and intake gratings) of a ship

Pollution

• The design and construction of ships and operational procedures should aim to prevent oil and other hazardous substances being discharged into the marine environment
• The routes for vessels transporting oil and other hazardous substances should avoid marine areas with high ecological values including marine reserves
• The discharge of oily waste into the marine area in sensitive environments including estuaries, harbours and sheltered coastal areas should be avoided
• Up-to-date oil spill contingency plans should be in place
• The discharge of untreated sewage into harbours and near marine farms and marine protected areas should be avoided
• Recreational vessels with seawater flushing toilets should have holding tanks installed
• Avoiding washing or scrubbing boats on the foreshore or intertidal area
• Provide sealed boat haul-out areas where discharges can be contained
• Use more environmentally-friendly compounds in antifouling paint
• Use land-based disposal of on-board generated where possible
• Avoid the disposal of contaminated waste into the marine environment

Harm to marine animals and birds

• Where possible, redirect shipping routes away from marine mammal habitat
• Reduce ships speed in areas where marine mammals are likely to be present to less than 10 knots
• Reduce the speed of vessels in areas susceptible to ecological impacts

Shoreline Erosion

• Reduce the speed of vessels in areas susceptible to wake-induced coastal erosion

Greenhouse Gas

• Investigate alternative options for powering of vessels, both while at sea and shoreside